shared_mutex

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// <shared_mutex> -*- C++ -*-
 
// Copyright (C) 2013-2025 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
//
// This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library.  This library is free
// software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
// terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
// Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
// any later version.
 
// This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.
 
// Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional
// permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version
// 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
 
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and
// a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;
// see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively.  If not, see
// <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
/** @file include/shared_mutex
 *  This is a Standard C++ Library header.
 */
 
#ifndef _GLIBCXX_SHARED_MUTEX
#define _GLIBCXX_SHARED_MUTEX 1
 
#ifdef _GLIBCXX_SYSHDR
#pragma GCC system_header
#endif
 
#include <bits/requires_hosted.h> // concurrency
 
#if __cplusplus >= 201402L
 
#include <bits/chrono.h>
#include <bits/error_constants.h>
#include <bits/functexcept.h>
#include <bits/move.h>        // move, __exchange
#include <bits/std_mutex.h>   // defer_lock_t
 
#define __glibcxx_want_shared_mutex
#define __glibcxx_want_shared_timed_mutex
#include <bits/version.h>
 
#if ! (_GLIBCXX_USE_PTHREAD_RWLOCK_T && _GTHREAD_USE_MUTEX_TIMEDLOCK)
# include <condition_variable>
#endif
 
namespace std _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)
{
_GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
 
  /**
   * @addtogroup mutexes
   * @{
   */
 
#ifdef _GLIBCXX_HAS_GTHREADS
 
#ifdef __cpp_lib_shared_mutex // C++ >= 17 && hosted && gthread
  class shared_mutex;
#endif
 
  class shared_timed_mutex;
 
  /// @cond undocumented
 
#if _GLIBCXX_USE_PTHREAD_RWLOCK_T
#ifdef __gthrw
#define _GLIBCXX_GTHRW(name) \
  __gthrw(pthread_ ## name); \
  inline int \
  __glibcxx_ ## name (pthread_rwlock_t *__rwlock) \
  { \
    if (__gthread_active_p ()) \
      return __gthrw_(pthread_ ## name) (__rwlock); \
    else \
      return 0; \
  }
  _GLIBCXX_GTHRW(rwlock_rdlock)
  _GLIBCXX_GTHRW(rwlock_tryrdlock)
  _GLIBCXX_GTHRW(rwlock_wrlock)
  _GLIBCXX_GTHRW(rwlock_trywrlock)
  _GLIBCXX_GTHRW(rwlock_unlock)
# ifndef PTHREAD_RWLOCK_INITIALIZER
  _GLIBCXX_GTHRW(rwlock_destroy)
  __gthrw(pthread_rwlock_init);
  inline int
  __glibcxx_rwlock_init (pthread_rwlock_t *__rwlock)
  {
    if (__gthread_active_p ())
      return __gthrw_(pthread_rwlock_init) (__rwlock, NULL);
    else
      return 0;
  }
# endif
# if _GTHREAD_USE_MUTEX_TIMEDLOCK
   __gthrw(pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock);
  inline int
  __glibcxx_rwlock_timedrdlock (pthread_rwlock_t *__rwlock,
                                const timespec *__ts)
  {
    if (__gthread_active_p ())
      return __gthrw_(pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock) (__rwlock, __ts);
    else
      return 0;
  }
   __gthrw(pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock);
  inline int
  __glibcxx_rwlock_timedwrlock (pthread_rwlock_t *__rwlock,
                                const timespec *__ts)
  {
    if (__gthread_active_p ())
      return __gthrw_(pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock) (__rwlock, __ts);
    else
      return 0;
  }
# endif
#else
  inline int
  __glibcxx_rwlock_rdlock (pthread_rwlock_t *__rwlock)
  { return pthread_rwlock_rdlock (__rwlock); }
  inline int
  __glibcxx_rwlock_tryrdlock (pthread_rwlock_t *__rwlock)
  { return pthread_rwlock_tryrdlock (__rwlock); }
  inline int
  __glibcxx_rwlock_wrlock (pthread_rwlock_t *__rwlock)
  { return pthread_rwlock_wrlock (__rwlock); }
  inline int
  __glibcxx_rwlock_trywrlock (pthread_rwlock_t *__rwlock)
  { return pthread_rwlock_trywrlock (__rwlock); }
  inline int
  __glibcxx_rwlock_unlock (pthread_rwlock_t *__rwlock)
  { return pthread_rwlock_unlock (__rwlock); }
  inline int
  __glibcxx_rwlock_destroy(pthread_rwlock_t *__rwlock)
  { return pthread_rwlock_destroy (__rwlock); }
  inline int
  __glibcxx_rwlock_init(pthread_rwlock_t *__rwlock)
  { return pthread_rwlock_init (__rwlock, NULL); }
# if _GTHREAD_USE_MUTEX_TIMEDLOCK
  inline int
  __glibcxx_rwlock_timedrdlock (pthread_rwlock_t *__rwlock,
                                const timespec *__ts)
  { return pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock (__rwlock, __ts); }
  inline int
  __glibcxx_rwlock_timedwrlock (pthread_rwlock_t *__rwlock,
                                const timespec *__ts)
  { return pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock (__rwlock, __ts); }
# endif
#endif
 
  /// A shared mutex type implemented using pthread_rwlock_t.
  class __shared_mutex_pthread
  {
    friend class shared_timed_mutex;
 
#ifdef PTHREAD_RWLOCK_INITIALIZER
    pthread_rwlock_t    _M_rwlock = PTHREAD_RWLOCK_INITIALIZER;
 
  public:
    __shared_mutex_pthread() = default;
    ~__shared_mutex_pthread() = default;
#else
    pthread_rwlock_t    _M_rwlock;
 
  public:
    __shared_mutex_pthread()
    {
      int __ret = __glibcxx_rwlock_init(&_M_rwlock);
      if (__ret == ENOMEM)
        __throw_bad_alloc();
      else if (__ret == EAGAIN)
        __throw_system_error(int(errc::resource_unavailable_try_again));
      else if (__ret == EPERM)
        __throw_system_error(int(errc::operation_not_permitted));
      // Errors not handled: EBUSY, EINVAL
      __glibcxx_assert(__ret == 0);
    }
 
    ~__shared_mutex_pthread()
    {
      int __ret __attribute((__unused__)) = __glibcxx_rwlock_destroy(&_M_rwlock);
      // Errors not handled: EBUSY, EINVAL
      __glibcxx_assert(__ret == 0);
    }
#endif
 
    __shared_mutex_pthread(const __shared_mutex_pthread&) = delete;
    __shared_mutex_pthread& operator=(const __shared_mutex_pthread&) = delete;
 
    void
    lock()
    {
      int __ret = __glibcxx_rwlock_wrlock(&_M_rwlock);
      if (__ret == EDEADLK)
        __throw_system_error(int(errc::resource_deadlock_would_occur));
      // Errors not handled: EINVAL
      __glibcxx_assert(__ret == 0);
    }
 
    bool
    try_lock()
    {
      int __ret = __glibcxx_rwlock_trywrlock(&_M_rwlock);
      if (__ret == EBUSY) return false;
      // Errors not handled: EINVAL
      __glibcxx_assert(__ret == 0);
      return true;
    }
 
    void
    unlock()
    {
      int __ret __attribute((__unused__)) = __glibcxx_rwlock_unlock(&_M_rwlock);
      // Errors not handled: EPERM, EBUSY, EINVAL
      __glibcxx_assert(__ret == 0);
    }
 
    // Shared ownership
 
    void
    lock_shared()
    {
      int __ret;
      // We retry if we exceeded the maximum number of read locks supported by
      // the POSIX implementation; this can result in busy-waiting, but this
      // is okay based on the current specification of forward progress
      // guarantees by the standard.
      do
        __ret = __glibcxx_rwlock_rdlock(&_M_rwlock);
      while (__ret == EAGAIN);
      if (__ret == EDEADLK)
        __throw_system_error(int(errc::resource_deadlock_would_occur));
      // Errors not handled: EINVAL
      __glibcxx_assert(__ret == 0);
    }
 
    bool
    try_lock_shared()
    {
      int __ret = __glibcxx_rwlock_tryrdlock(&_M_rwlock);
      // If the maximum number of read locks has been exceeded, we just fail
      // to acquire the lock.  Unlike for lock(), we are not allowed to throw
      // an exception.
      if (__ret == EBUSY || __ret == EAGAIN) return false;
      // Errors not handled: EINVAL
      __glibcxx_assert(__ret == 0);
      return true;
    }
 
    void
    unlock_shared()
    {
      unlock();
    }
 
    void* native_handle() { return &_M_rwlock; }
  };
#endif
 
#if ! (_GLIBCXX_USE_PTHREAD_RWLOCK_T && _GTHREAD_USE_MUTEX_TIMEDLOCK)
  /// A shared mutex type implemented using std::condition_variable.
  class __shared_mutex_cv
  {
    friend class shared_timed_mutex;
 
    // Based on Howard Hinnant's reference implementation from N2406.
 
    // The high bit of _M_state is the write-entered flag which is set to
    // indicate a writer has taken the lock or is queuing to take the lock.
    // The remaining bits are the count of reader locks.
    //
    // To take a reader lock, block on gate1 while the write-entered flag is
    // set or the maximum number of reader locks is held, then increment the
    // reader lock count.
    // To release, decrement the count, then if the write-entered flag is set
    // and the count is zero then signal gate2 to wake a queued writer,
    // otherwise if the maximum number of reader locks was held signal gate1
    // to wake a reader.
    //
    // To take a writer lock, block on gate1 while the write-entered flag is
    // set, then set the write-entered flag to start queueing, then block on
    // gate2 while the number of reader locks is non-zero.
    // To release, unset the write-entered flag and signal gate1 to wake all
    // blocked readers and writers.
    //
    // This means that when no reader locks are held readers and writers get
    // equal priority. When one or more reader locks is held a writer gets
    // priority and no more reader locks can be taken while the writer is
    // queued.
 
    // Only locked when accessing _M_state or waiting on condition variables.
    mutex               _M_mut;
    // Used to block while write-entered is set or reader count at maximum.
    condition_variable  _M_gate1;
    // Used to block queued writers while reader count is non-zero.
    condition_variable  _M_gate2;
    // The write-entered flag and reader count.
    unsigned            _M_state;
 
    static constexpr unsigned _S_write_entered
      = 1U << (sizeof(unsigned)*__CHAR_BIT__ - 1);
    static constexpr unsigned _S_max_readers = ~_S_write_entered;
 
    // Test whether the write-entered flag is set. _M_mut must be locked.
    bool _M_write_entered() const { return _M_state & _S_write_entered; }
 
    // The number of reader locks currently held. _M_mut must be locked.
    unsigned _M_readers() const { return _M_state & _S_max_readers; }
 
  public:
    __shared_mutex_cv() : _M_state(0) {}
 
    ~__shared_mutex_cv()
    {
      __glibcxx_assert( _M_state == 0 );
    }
 
    __shared_mutex_cv(const __shared_mutex_cv&) = delete;
    __shared_mutex_cv& operator=(const __shared_mutex_cv&) = delete;
 
    // Exclusive ownership
 
    void
    lock()
    {
      unique_lock<mutex> __lk(_M_mut);
      // Wait until we can set the write-entered flag.
      _M_gate1.wait(__lk, [this]{ return !_M_write_entered(); });
      _M_state |= _S_write_entered;
      // Then wait until there are no more readers.
      _M_gate2.wait(__lk, [this]{ return _M_readers() == 0; });
    }
 
    bool
    try_lock()
    {
      unique_lock<mutex> __lk(_M_mut, try_to_lock);
      if (__lk.owns_lock() && _M_state == 0)
        {
          _M_state = _S_write_entered;
          return true;
        }
      return false;
    }
 
    void
    unlock()
    {
      lock_guard<mutex> __lk(_M_mut);
      __glibcxx_assert( _M_write_entered() );
      _M_state = 0;
      // call notify_all() while mutex is held so that another thread can't
      // lock and unlock the mutex then destroy *this before we make the call.
      _M_gate1.notify_all();
    }
 
    // Shared ownership
 
    void
    lock_shared()
    {
      unique_lock<mutex> __lk(_M_mut);
      _M_gate1.wait(__lk, [this]{ return _M_state < _S_max_readers; });
      ++_M_state;
    }
 
    bool
    try_lock_shared()
    {
      unique_lock<mutex> __lk(_M_mut, try_to_lock);
      if (!__lk.owns_lock())
        return false;
      if (_M_state < _S_max_readers)
        {
          ++_M_state;
          return true;
        }
      return false;
    }
 
    void
    unlock_shared()
    {
      lock_guard<mutex> __lk(_M_mut);
      __glibcxx_assert( _M_readers() > 0 );
      auto __prev = _M_state--;
      if (_M_write_entered())
        {
          // Wake the queued writer if there are no more readers.
          if (_M_readers() == 0)
            _M_gate2.notify_one();
          // No need to notify gate1 because we give priority to the queued
          // writer, and that writer will eventually notify gate1 after it
          // clears the write-entered flag.
        }
      else
        {
          // Wake any thread that was blocked on reader overflow.
          if (__prev == _S_max_readers)
            _M_gate1.notify_one();
        }
    }
  };
#endif
  /// @endcond
 
#ifdef __cpp_lib_shared_mutex
  /// The standard shared mutex type.
  class shared_mutex
  {
  public:
    shared_mutex() = default;
    ~shared_mutex() = default;
 
    shared_mutex(const shared_mutex&) = delete;
    shared_mutex& operator=(const shared_mutex&) = delete;
 
    // Exclusive ownership
 
    void lock() { _M_impl.lock(); }
    [[nodiscard]] bool try_lock() { return _M_impl.try_lock(); }
    void unlock() { _M_impl.unlock(); }
 
    // Shared ownership
 
    void lock_shared() { _M_impl.lock_shared(); }
    [[nodiscard]] bool try_lock_shared() { return _M_impl.try_lock_shared(); }
    void unlock_shared() { _M_impl.unlock_shared(); }
 
#if _GLIBCXX_USE_PTHREAD_RWLOCK_T
    typedef void* native_handle_type;
    native_handle_type native_handle() { return _M_impl.native_handle(); }
 
  private:
    __shared_mutex_pthread _M_impl;
#else
  private:
    __shared_mutex_cv _M_impl;
#endif
  };
#endif // __cpp_lib_shared_mutex
 
  /// @cond undocumented
#if _GLIBCXX_USE_PTHREAD_RWLOCK_T && _GTHREAD_USE_MUTEX_TIMEDLOCK
  using __shared_timed_mutex_base = __shared_mutex_pthread;
#else
  using __shared_timed_mutex_base = __shared_mutex_cv;
#endif
  /// @endcond
 
  /// The standard shared timed mutex type.
  class shared_timed_mutex
  : private __shared_timed_mutex_base
  {
    using _Base = __shared_timed_mutex_base;
 
    // Must use the same clock as condition_variable for __shared_mutex_cv.
#ifdef _GLIBCXX_USE_PTHREAD_RWLOCK_CLOCKLOCK
    using __clock_t = chrono::steady_clock;
#else
    using __clock_t = chrono::system_clock;
#endif
 
  public:
    shared_timed_mutex() = default;
    ~shared_timed_mutex() = default;
 
    shared_timed_mutex(const shared_timed_mutex&) = delete;
    shared_timed_mutex& operator=(const shared_timed_mutex&) = delete;
 
    // Exclusive ownership
 
    void lock() { _Base::lock(); }
    _GLIBCXX_NODISCARD bool try_lock() { return _Base::try_lock(); }
    void unlock() { _Base::unlock(); }
 
    template<typename _Rep, typename _Period>
      _GLIBCXX_NODISCARD
      bool
      try_lock_for(const chrono::duration<_Rep, _Period>& __rtime)
      {
        auto __rt = chrono::duration_cast<__clock_t::duration>(__rtime);
        if (ratio_greater<__clock_t::period, _Period>())
          ++__rt;
        return try_lock_until(__clock_t::now() + __rt);
      }
 
    // Shared ownership
 
    void lock_shared() { _Base::lock_shared(); }
    _GLIBCXX_NODISCARD
    bool try_lock_shared() { return _Base::try_lock_shared(); }
    void unlock_shared() { _Base::unlock_shared(); }
 
    template<typename _Rep, typename _Period>
      _GLIBCXX_NODISCARD
      bool
      try_lock_shared_for(const chrono::duration<_Rep, _Period>& __rtime)
      {
        auto __rt = chrono::duration_cast<__clock_t::duration>(__rtime);
        if (ratio_greater<__clock_t::period, _Period>())
          ++__rt;
        return try_lock_shared_until(__clock_t::now() + __rt);
      }
 
#if _GLIBCXX_USE_PTHREAD_RWLOCK_T && _GTHREAD_USE_MUTEX_TIMEDLOCK
 
    // Exclusive ownership
 
    template<typename _Duration>
      _GLIBCXX_NODISCARD
      bool
      try_lock_until(const chrono::time_point<chrono::system_clock,
                     _Duration>& __atime)
      {
        struct timespec __ts = chrono::__to_timeout_timespec(__atime);
        int __ret = __glibcxx_rwlock_timedwrlock(&_M_rwlock, &__ts);
        // On self-deadlock, we just fail to acquire the lock.  Technically,
        // the program violated the precondition.
        if (__ret == ETIMEDOUT || __ret == EDEADLK)
          return false;
        // Errors not handled: EINVAL
        __glibcxx_assert(__ret == 0);
        return true;
      }
 
#ifdef _GLIBCXX_USE_PTHREAD_RWLOCK_CLOCKLOCK
    template<typename _Duration>
      _GLIBCXX_NODISCARD
      bool
      try_lock_until(const chrono::time_point<chrono::steady_clock,
                   _Duration>& __atime)
      {
        struct timespec __ts = chrono::__to_timeout_timespec(__atime);
        int __ret = pthread_rwlock_clockwrlock(&_M_rwlock, CLOCK_MONOTONIC,
                                               &__ts);
        // On self-deadlock, we just fail to acquire the lock.  Technically,
        // the program violated the precondition.
        if (__ret == ETIMEDOUT || __ret == EDEADLK)
          return false;
        // Errors not handled: EINVAL
        __glibcxx_assert(__ret == 0);
        return true;
      }
#endif
 
    template<typename _Clock, typename _Duration>
      _GLIBCXX_NODISCARD
      bool
      try_lock_until(const chrono::time_point<_Clock, _Duration>& __atime)
      {
#if __cplusplus > 201703L
        static_assert(chrono::is_clock_v<_Clock>);
#endif
        // The user-supplied clock may not tick at the same rate as
        // steady_clock, so we must loop in order to guarantee that
        // the timeout has expired before returning false.
        typename _Clock::time_point __now = _Clock::now();
        do {
            auto __rtime = __atime - __now;
            if (try_lock_for(__rtime))
              return true;
            __now = _Clock::now();
        } while (__atime > __now);
        return false;
      }
 
    // Shared ownership
 
    template<typename _Duration>
      _GLIBCXX_NODISCARD
      bool
      try_lock_shared_until(const chrono::time_point<chrono::system_clock,
                            _Duration>& __atime)
      {
        struct timespec __ts = chrono::__to_timeout_timespec(__atime);
 
        int __ret;
        // Unlike for lock(), we are not allowed to throw an exception so if
        // the maximum number of read locks has been exceeded, or we would
        // deadlock, we just try to acquire the lock again (and will time out
        // eventually).
        // In cases where we would exceed the maximum number of read locks
        // throughout the whole time until the timeout, we will fail to
        // acquire the lock even if it would be logically free; however, this
        // is allowed by the standard, and we made a "strong effort"
        // (see C++14 30.4.1.4p26).
        // For cases where the implementation detects a deadlock we
        // intentionally block and timeout so that an early return isn't
        // mistaken for a spurious failure, which might help users realise
        // there is a deadlock.
        do
          __ret = __glibcxx_rwlock_timedrdlock(&_M_rwlock, &__ts);
        while (__ret == EAGAIN || __ret == EDEADLK);
        if (__ret == ETIMEDOUT)
          return false;
        // Errors not handled: EINVAL
        __glibcxx_assert(__ret == 0);
        return true;
      }
 
#ifdef _GLIBCXX_USE_PTHREAD_RWLOCK_CLOCKLOCK
    template<typename _Duration>
      _GLIBCXX_NODISCARD
      bool
      try_lock_shared_until(const chrono::time_point<chrono::steady_clock,
                            _Duration>& __atime)
      {
        struct timespec __ts = chrono::__to_timeout_timespec(__atime);
        int __ret = pthread_rwlock_clockrdlock(&_M_rwlock, CLOCK_MONOTONIC,
                                               &__ts);
        // On self-deadlock, we just fail to acquire the lock.  Technically,
        // the program violated the precondition.
        if (__ret == ETIMEDOUT || __ret == EDEADLK)
          return false;
        // Errors not handled: EINVAL
        __glibcxx_assert(__ret == 0);
        return true;
      }
#endif
 
    template<typename _Clock, typename _Duration>
      _GLIBCXX_NODISCARD
      bool
      try_lock_shared_until(const chrono::time_point<_Clock,
                                                     _Duration>& __atime)
      {
#if __cplusplus > 201703L
        static_assert(chrono::is_clock_v<_Clock>);
#endif
        // The user-supplied clock may not tick at the same rate as
        // steady_clock, so we must loop in order to guarantee that
        // the timeout has expired before returning false.
        typename _Clock::time_point __now = _Clock::now();
        do {
            auto __rtime = __atime - __now;
            if (try_lock_shared_for(__rtime))
              return true;
            __now = _Clock::now();
        } while (__atime > __now);
        return false;
      }
 
#else // ! (_GLIBCXX_USE_PTHREAD_RWLOCK_T && _GTHREAD_USE_MUTEX_TIMEDLOCK)
 
    // Exclusive ownership
 
    template<typename _Clock, typename _Duration>
      _GLIBCXX_NODISCARD
      bool
      try_lock_until(const chrono::time_point<_Clock, _Duration>& __abs_time)
      {
        unique_lock<mutex> __lk(_M_mut);
        if (!_M_gate1.wait_until(__lk, __abs_time,
                                 [this]{ return !_M_write_entered(); }))
          {
            return false;
          }
        _M_state |= _S_write_entered;
        if (!_M_gate2.wait_until(__lk, __abs_time,
                                 [this]{ return _M_readers() == 0; }))
          {
            _M_state ^= _S_write_entered;
            // Wake all threads blocked while the write-entered flag was set.
            _M_gate1.notify_all();
            return false;
          }
        return true;
      }
 
    // Shared ownership
 
    template <typename _Clock, typename _Duration>
      _GLIBCXX_NODISCARD
      bool
      try_lock_shared_until(const chrono::time_point<_Clock,
                                                     _Duration>& __abs_time)
      {
        unique_lock<mutex> __lk(_M_mut);
        if (!_M_gate1.wait_until(__lk, __abs_time,
                                 [this]{ return _M_state < _S_max_readers; }))
          {
            return false;
          }
        ++_M_state;
        return true;
      }
 
#endif // _GLIBCXX_USE_PTHREAD_RWLOCK_T && _GTHREAD_USE_MUTEX_TIMEDLOCK
  };
#endif // _GLIBCXX_HAS_GTHREADS
 
  /// shared_lock
  template<typename _Mutex>
    class shared_lock
    {
    public:
      typedef _Mutex mutex_type;
 
      // Shared locking
 
      shared_lock() noexcept : _M_pm(nullptr), _M_owns(false) { }
 
      explicit
      shared_lock(mutex_type& __m)
      : _M_pm(std::__addressof(__m)), _M_owns(true)
      { __m.lock_shared(); }
 
      shared_lock(mutex_type& __m, defer_lock_t) noexcept
      : _M_pm(std::__addressof(__m)), _M_owns(false) { }
 
      shared_lock(mutex_type& __m, try_to_lock_t)
      : _M_pm(std::__addressof(__m)), _M_owns(__m.try_lock_shared()) { }
 
      shared_lock(mutex_type& __m, adopt_lock_t)
      : _M_pm(std::__addressof(__m)), _M_owns(true) { }
 
      template<typename _Clock, typename _Duration>
        shared_lock(mutex_type& __m,
                    const chrono::time_point<_Clock, _Duration>& __abs_time)
      : _M_pm(std::__addressof(__m)),
        _M_owns(__m.try_lock_shared_until(__abs_time)) { }
 
      template<typename _Rep, typename _Period>
        shared_lock(mutex_type& __m,
                    const chrono::duration<_Rep, _Period>& __rel_time)
      : _M_pm(std::__addressof(__m)),
        _M_owns(__m.try_lock_shared_for(__rel_time)) { }
 
      ~shared_lock()
      {
        if (_M_owns)
          _M_pm->unlock_shared();
      }
 
      shared_lock(shared_lock const&) = delete;
      shared_lock& operator=(shared_lock const&) = delete;
 
      shared_lock(shared_lock&& __sl) noexcept : shared_lock()
      { swap(__sl); }
 
      shared_lock&
      operator=(shared_lock&& __sl) noexcept
      {
        // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
        // 4172. unique_lock self-move-assignment is broken
        shared_lock(std::move(__sl)).swap(*this);
        return *this;
      }
 
      void
      lock()
      {
        _M_lockable();
        _M_pm->lock_shared();
        _M_owns = true;
      }
 
      _GLIBCXX_NODISCARD
      bool
      try_lock()
      {
        _M_lockable();
        return _M_owns = _M_pm->try_lock_shared();
      }
 
      template<typename _Rep, typename _Period>
        _GLIBCXX_NODISCARD
        bool
        try_lock_for(const chrono::duration<_Rep, _Period>& __rel_time)
        {
          _M_lockable();
          return _M_owns = _M_pm->try_lock_shared_for(__rel_time);
        }
 
      template<typename _Clock, typename _Duration>
        _GLIBCXX_NODISCARD
        bool
        try_lock_until(const chrono::time_point<_Clock, _Duration>& __abs_time)
        {
          _M_lockable();
          return _M_owns = _M_pm->try_lock_shared_until(__abs_time);
        }
 
      void
      unlock()
      {
        if (!_M_owns)
          __throw_system_error(int(errc::operation_not_permitted));
        _M_pm->unlock_shared();
        _M_owns = false;
      }
 
      // Setters
 
      void
      swap(shared_lock& __u) noexcept
      {
        std::swap(_M_pm, __u._M_pm);
        std::swap(_M_owns, __u._M_owns);
      }
 
      mutex_type*
      release() noexcept
      {
        _M_owns = false;
        return std::__exchange(_M_pm, nullptr);
      }
 
      // Getters
 
      _GLIBCXX_NODISCARD
      bool owns_lock() const noexcept { return _M_owns; }
 
      explicit operator bool() const noexcept { return _M_owns; }
 
      _GLIBCXX_NODISCARD
      mutex_type* mutex() const noexcept { return _M_pm; }
 
    private:
      void
      _M_lockable() const
      {
        if (_M_pm == nullptr)
          __throw_system_error(int(errc::operation_not_permitted));
        if (_M_owns)
          __throw_system_error(int(errc::resource_deadlock_would_occur));
      }
 
      mutex_type*       _M_pm;
      bool              _M_owns;
    };
 
  /// Swap specialization for shared_lock
  /// @relates shared_mutex
  template<typename _Mutex>
    void
    swap(shared_lock<_Mutex>& __x, shared_lock<_Mutex>& __y) noexcept
    { __x.swap(__y); }
 
  /// @} group mutexes
_GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_VERSION
} // namespace
 
#endif // C++14
 
#endif // _GLIBCXX_SHARED_MUTEX