Translation implementation (Using the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC))

### 4.1 Translation ¶

- How a diagnostic is identified (C90 3.7, C99 and C11 3.10, C23 3.13, C90, C99 and C11 5.1.1.3, C23 5.2.1.3).

  Diagnostics consist of all the output sent to stderr by GCC.

- Whether each nonempty sequence of white-space characters other than new-line is retained or replaced by one space character in translation phase 3 (C90, C99 and C11 5.1.1.2, C23 5.2.1.2).

  See Implementation-defined behavior in The C Preprocessor.